IntroductionIn the beautiful Shimla hill region, there was a small princely state called Kunihar, which covered an area of 7 square miles.In the early 20th century, the people of Kunihar witnessed a significant democratic awakening against the indecent behavior of

Background of the PAJHOTA MOVEMENT-1942The PAJHOTA MOVEMENT-1942 stands as an indomitable chapter in the annals of Himachal Pradesh's history, an era marked by fervent calls for independence from British colonial rule. The movement, rooted in the heart of Sirmaur, unfolded

The historical period spanning from 1857 to 1947 in the annals of Himachal Pradesh was characterized by a series of Regional Movements and Freedom Movements. These movements were orchestrated by both rulers and ordinary citizens of the region, united in

IntroductionOn March 20, 1691, the Battle of Nadaun took place, which was a significant event with long-lasting consequences. The battle involved an imperial expeditionary force, along with the support of Raja Kirpal Chand of Kangra and Raja Dyal of Bijharval,

Mandi, a historic town nestled along the Beas River, serves as the gateway to the enchanting Kullu Valley. Renowned for its 81 ancient stone temples adorned with intricate carvings, Mandi is often referred to as the 'Varanasi of Hills' or

In the annals of history, there exists a complex system of personal service known as "Beth." This system, prevalent in various regions, particularly during ancient times, revolved around the provision of agricultural services in exchange for specific privileges. Those who

IntroductionThe begar system in Himachal Pradesh, specifically in the former Shimla and Punjab Hill States, is a topic that's both fascinating and important to learn about. This system, which goes way back in time, is all about forced labor or

IntroductionIn the scenic landscape of Himachal Pradesh, amidst the Shimla Hill States and neighboring regions like Mandi, Kullu, and Kangra, an alarming practice called "Reet" had been prevalent for generations. This vile custom, which has been deeply rooted in society,

During the late 19th century, the Jugga Movement took place in Bilaspur, India. It was a remarkable uprising against the oppressive rule of Raja Amar Chand. The movement was a testament to the unwavering spirit of the community who decided