Make in India at 12: Manufacturing Achievements, Challenges and the Way Forward
Exam Relevance UPSC GS-II: Government Policies and Interventions | Policy Implementation | Centre–State Coordination UPSC GS-III: Industrial Policy | Growth and Employment | Investment | Infrastructure | Indigenisation of Technology Prelims: Make in India | PLI Schemes | GVA | IIP | GFCF | PM GatiShakti Why in News? Make in India completed 12 years on 25 September 2026. Launched in 2014, the initiative aims to establish India as a global centre for manufacturing, design and innovation. The anniversary provides an
KAVACH 4.0: Strengthening Railway Safety Through Indigenous Technology
Exam Relevance UPSC GS-III: Infrastructure—Railways | Indigenous Technology | Science and Technology Applications | Disaster Management. UPSC GS-II: Government Policies and Interventions | Public-Service Delivery. HPAS GS-III: Transport Infrastructure | Science and Technology | Disaster Preparedness. Prelims: KAVACH | Automatic Train Protection | RDSO | RFID | Electronic Interlocking | SIL-4. Mains: Railway Modernisation | Technology and Human Error | Infrastructure Safety. Why in News? On 23 September 2026, Indian Railways commissioned KAVACH Version 4.0 for the first time on South Central
81st UNGA: India’s Call for Reformed Multilateralism
Exam Relevance UPSC GS-II: International Institutions | India’s Foreign Policy | Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings | Effects of Global Policies on India. UPSC GS-III: Food and Energy Security | Supply Chains | Climate Change | Economic Security. HPAS GS-II: International Relations | India and the United Nations | Contemporary Global Developments. Prelims: UNGA vs UNSC | P4M | Visegrád Group | Permanent Members and Veto Power. Mains: Strategic Autonomy | Global South Representation | Reform of Global Governance. Why in
Himalayan Monal: Noise Pollution, Climate Change and Conservation
Exam Relevance UPSC GS-III: Biodiversity Conservation | Environmental Pollution | Climate Change and Ecosystems. HPAS GS-III: Himalayan Biodiversity | Environmental Conservation | Sustainable Tourism. HPAS Prelims/HP GK: Birds of Himachal Pradesh | Great Himalayan National Park | State Symbols. Prelims Focus: Himalayan Monal | Sexual Dimorphism | Altitudinal Migration | IUCN Status and Wildlife Protection. Why in News? Research on the Himalayan monal has highlighted how human-generated noise and climate change can affect Himalayan wildlife. A study published in Behavioural Processes found
Parbati-II Hydroelectric Project: Key Facts, Significance and Safety Concerns for Himachal Pradesh
Exam Relevance HAS Prelims: Himachal Pradesh geography, rivers, hydropower projects and current affairs. HAS Mains: Himachal Pradesh’s economy, energy resources, environmental protection and disaster management. Why in the News? The Parbati-II Hydroelectric Project came into the news after water leakage flooded areas near Rella village in Kullu district in September 2026. Water carrying muck and debris damaged houses and agricultural land, forcing residents to move to safety. According to the local administration’s preliminary account, a malfunction in an air-pressure valve
Swachhata Hi Seva 2026: Theme, Key Pillars & Importance
Exam Relevance UPSC GS-II: Government initiatives, participatory governance, local self-government and sanitation workers’ welfare. UPSC GS-III: Environmental pollution, waste management, resource efficiency and sustainable development. HPAS: Environmental conservation, public health, local governance and sanitation challenges in Himachal Pradesh. Prelims: SHS 2026, Swachh Bharat Mission, FACES parameters and ODF Plus classification. Why in News? The Swachhata Hi Seva (SHS) 2026 campaign is being organised from 17 September to 2 October 2026, with the theme: “Swachhata Mein Sahbhag; Swachh Bharat, Viksit Bharat”. The campaign emphasises