“Think before you click. Pause before you share. One alert citizen is stronger than a thousand fraudsters.”
— Public Awareness Motto

Introduction

With the rise of the digital economy and increasing internet penetration across India, citizens are more connected than ever. While digital tools have enhanced convenience, communication, and financial inclusion, they have also opened new gateways for cyber fraud—a rapidly growing threat that undermines digital trust and financial security.

Himachal Pradesh, like other Indian states, is witnessing an unprecedented surge in cybercrime. From financial fraud to social media exploitation, the modern fraudster is invisible, operating behind screens and preying on unassuming users.

“Awareness is the biggest weapon; fraudsters succeed only when we remain silent.” – DIG Mohit Chawla

What is Cyber Fraud?

Cyber fraud refers to criminal deception or manipulation carried out using digital technologies such as the internet, computers, smartphones, and electronic communication platforms. The intent is usually to steal money, personal data, or access to digital systems.

It is a subset of cybercrime, focusing specifically on deceit for unlawful personal gain, often targeting individuals, financial institutions, businesses, or government databases.

Nature and Types of Cyber Fraud

Cyber fraud can take multiple forms. The most prevalent ones include:

1. Financial Fraud

• UPI fraud: Victims are tricked into transferring money or scanning fake QR codes.
• Phishing scams: Fraudulent emails or links trick users into revealing bank credentials.
• Loan app fraud: Fake apps offer instant loans and later blackmail users.
• Investment schemes: Promise of high returns on cryptocurrency, stock trading, or “government” bonds.

2. Social Media-Related Fraud

• Sextortion: Blackmailing victims after acquiring intimate photos or videos through fake profiles or honey traps.
• Hacked accounts: Impersonation through compromised WhatsApp, Instagram, or Facebook accounts.
• Fake job offers or lucky draws: Scams that ask for registration or “processing” fees.

3. Online Shopping and App Fraud

• Fake e-commerce websites: Collect payments without delivering products.
• Impersonation apps: Duplicate versions of popular apps used to collect data or steal money.

4. Tech Support Scams

• Fake callers claim to be from customer support, tricking victims into sharing OTPs or installing remote access tools.

Cyber Fraud in Himachal Pradesh: The Emerging Crisis

Himachal Pradesh is currently experiencing a worrying rise in cybercrime:

Case Surge

• 2023: 8,000+ complaints
• 2024: 12,000+ complaints
• 2025 (till April): 5,600+ complaints already

Monetary Losses

• 2023: ₹41 crore lost (₹3 crore held)
• 2024: ₹114 crore lost (₹11.51 crore held)
• 2025 (till April 20): ₹33 crore lost (₹6.62 crore held)

High-Risk Districts

• Shimla, Kangra, and Mandi are the top targets of cybercriminals.

Victim Profile

• 78% of victims are men, followed by women and minors.

Why Cybercrime is Rising?

1. Expanding Digital Access: More people using smartphones and digital payments.
2. Lack of Digital Literacy: Many users are unaware of cyber threats.
3. Anonymity of Attackers: Fraudsters are hard to trace, often located outside India.
4. Delayed Reporting: Victims often delay lodging complaints, reducing recovery chances.

Legal Provisions Against Cyber Fraud

India has a legal framework in place to combat cybercrime:

• Information Technology Act, 2000
  Provides legal recognition for electronic transactions and penalises identity theft, hacking, and data breaches.
• Indian Penal Code (IPC)
  Applies in cases involving cheating, extortion, defamation, and criminal intimidation over digital platforms.
• Section 66C & 66D of IT Act
  Punishment for identity theft and cheating by personation using computer resources.
• Cyber Cells & Emergency Response
  Dedicated cybercrime units in each state, along with the 24/7 toll-free number 1930 for reporting financial frauds.

Cyber Fraud Prevention: Public Awareness is Key

Preventive Measures for Individuals

• Never share OTPs, passwords, or CVV numbers on calls or with unknown apps.
• Avoid clicking suspicious links or downloading unknown apps.
• Use strong, unique passwords and enable two-factor authentication.
• Do not respond to calls offering gifts, lucky draws, or instant loans.
• Regularly update mobile apps, browsers, and operating systems.

What To Do If You’re a Victim

1. Call the Cyber Fraud Helpline 1930 immediately.
2. File a complaint at https://cybercrime.gov.in.
3. Lodge an FIR with the nearest cybercrime cell.
4. Inform your bank to freeze the transaction.

Role of Government and Law Enforcement

Proactive Policing in Himachal Pradesh

• According to DIG Mohit Chawla, early reporting has improved the success rate of fund recovery:
  • Recovery Rate in 2023: 3.8%
  • Recovery Rate in 2025: 20.3%
• Cyber units now respond faster due to improved coordination with banks and telecom operators.

Awareness Campaigns

• Workshops in schools, colleges, and panchayats.
• Digital banners and social media posts warning about trending frauds.
• Weekly updates by police regarding scam types and preventive tips.

Conclusion: A Collective Responsibility

Cyber fraud is not just a technological issue; it’s a social challenge that requires vigilance, awareness, and collaboration. While law enforcement agencies continue to upgrade their tools and protocols, public participation is crucial.

Each citizen must play an active role in staying informed, reporting fraud promptly, and educating others. As digital connectivity deepens, our collective digital literacy must rise to match it.

The war against cybercrime cannot be won by the police alone—it must be fought in every home, with every click, and in every mind.

Let’s stay informed. Let’s stay safe.